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This week in Adolescent Development: Internalizing behaviors and eating

4/14/2014

1 Comment

 
Thank goodness it was sunny outside, because we had a somewhat disheartening discussion about depression, eating disorders/problems, body image, and obesity this week.

Some of the more lively discussions we had included:

We spent a long time talking about body image, particularly for adolescent girls. The biggest discussion here was around the issue of how we protect adolescents from feeling negative about their bodies, given the culture we live in. How should parents, for instance, who want their daughters to grow up to be confident young women, approach this issue? The idea that we should focus on what the body can DO rather than what the body LOOKS like was discussed. This perspective reminded me of a blog post that was rampantly posted on facebook last summer.  On a personal note, I’ve struggled with this issue extensively as a parent. When I saw that blog post, I thought there were great points about discussing what the body can do, avoiding fat/negative self-body talk, and teaching about healthy eating but not completely avoiding treats. As a parent, I'm extremely careful about discussing dieting/weight loss, I never say anything disparaging about my own body in front of her, and I even just deal when she squeezes fat on my body and says "squishy Mama!" But a decision I came to years ago was that sometimes I SHOULD tell my daughter she's beautiful or cute or looks good or whatever. Not focusing on size or someone else's ideals, but letting her know I think she’s gorgeous. But some day (and it's there already of course), no matter what I do, she IS going to care how she looks. And if I don't tell her she's beautiful, who will? And if I don't tell her she's beautiful, but I do tell her she's smart and funny and thoughtful and strong, at some point she's going to wonder whether I think she's NOT beautiful.

Even in our household where we are extremely careful not to talk about size or weight or dieting, and are very careful about how we discuss food, I have seen how culture can impact my daughter’s perceptions. We now keep one carton of multigrain cheerios, and when we buy more, we take the bag out and put it in the old carton, because my daughter had noticed that on the back it says “People who choose more whole grain tend to weigh less than those who don’t…. more grains, less you.” Soon after she wouldn’t wear one of her winter coats because it “makes me look too big.”

Picture
http://tabithafarrar.com/2013/08/shameful-cheerios/
So, we all got rather worked up about messages to children about weight and body size. On the other hand, there’s an obesity epidemic in the United States – do we want everyone to have positive body image, even if they are at an unhealthy weight?

We discussed drive for muscularity vs. thinness, and the fact that obesity cutoffs are generally based on BMI, which doesn’t account for muscularity vs. fat.

We discussed a couple of papers from my research group about associations between body image and sexual behavior, and how, for young men, body image increases after first intercourse, whereas for women it remains stable or slightly decreases.

And we talked about work on affluence, much of it by Suniya Luthar, suggesting that although there are benefits of being affluent, there are also costs, such as high rates of substance use and anxiety.

“The post This week in Adolescent Development: Internalizing behaviors and eating first appeared on Eva Lefkowitz’s blog on April 14, 2014.”

1 Comment
Claire Kamp Dush
4/14/2014 02:13:36 am

Great post. My only comment is that we need to think about how we women talk about our body for our sons too. And, I am not talking only about the fact that some of our sons will have body issues, as you mentioned, but because some of our sons will be in intimate relationships with women.

I really want to be cognizant of the image I am giving my sons about women and their bodies. I want to try to teach them not to fantasize about supermodels, or at least understand that the supermodel body is unattainable for most women. I want them to learn that all different kinds of female bodies are beautiful. This makes me seriously think about what kinds of women's magazines I have around the house. I was getting several, seemingly innocent magazines, including In Style, People Style Watch, Shape, Self, and Women's Fitness. But, many of these had women who were photo-shopped, had headlines about losing weight and how to satisfy your partner sexually on the cover, and in general, were sending horrible body image messages. Now I have unsubscribed to magazines, so that is one step I am taking. What else could I do, I wonder? Especially as my sons near adolescence? Should I get some magazines with some normal looking women around the house? What would those be? Anyway, really interesting post, and has me thinking, obviously :)

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    Eva S. Lefkowitz

    I write about professional development issues (in HDFS and other areas), and occasionally sexuality research or other work-related topics. 

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